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Research these I guess. He's just saying these things.
Thermal conductivity
Thermal expansion
Thermal equilibrium
Kinetic Theory
Particles are in constant motion, and collide elastically where kinetic energy is not lost or created, but transferred.p
- 3 classical states
- For all these things, we are gonna assume "we are not mucking around with the temperature here"
- Solids
- Particles in fixed position
- Fixed shape
- Fixed volume (?)
- Liquids
- Particles are still attracted to each other, but are able to move past each other i.e. there is a continual breaking and making of bonds.
- Fixed volume
- Not a fixed shape
- "Take the shape of the container" is kinda wrong. They won't, cause gravity
- Gasses
- Particles are not attracted to each other (that much)(chem says no)(but also says yes)
- No fixed volume
- No fixed shape
- Gasses will fill the volume of a closed container, regardless of gravity. They are too light to be weighed down.
Specific heat capacity
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of $1kg$ of a substance by $1K$.
- Formal definition
- Same as raising by $1° C$.
- Fine to take measurements in $° C$, never really need to convert to $K$.
$$\begin{align}
Q(E)=mc\Delta T
\end{align}
$$
Where:
- $Q=\text{Energy added or removed}(J)$
- $m=\text{mass}(kg)$
- $c=\text{specific heat capacity}(J \ K^{-1} \ kg^{-1})$
- $\Delta T=\text{change in temperature}(K \text{ or }° C)$
Units can be found by re-arranging the equation for $c$. i.e., $c =\frac{Q}{m\Delta T}$, hence units are $J \ K^{-1} \ kg^{-1}$
- Check for whether values are in grams or kilos.
Specific heat capacity is different for different substances, and different for different states of the same substance.
For example
- $c_{\text{water}} = 4180 \ J \ K^{-1} \ kg^{-1}$
- $c_{\text{ice}}=2100 \ J \ K^{-1} \ kg^{-1}$
- $c_{\text{steam}} = 2000 \ J \ K^{-1} \ kg^{-1}$
- Sorta, cause water as a gas and steam are kinda different (steam is just hot water droplets).
